Warsame awad

The history of Midgaan Taariikhda Midgaha “Waxaan ahayn Ummadii Dhulkaan iska lahayd, waxaan ahayn Boqortooyadii ugu Horeysay ee ka dhalatay Meesha maanta loo yaqaano Somalia. Waxaa boqor tooyadeena loo yaqaanay Boqortooyadii “BOONTA” Dulkaan waxaa la oran jirey Dhulkii Boonta “BOONTLAND”oo macneheedu yahay Dhulkii Boontu iska lahayd. Boqorkii ka talin jirey waxaa la oran jirey Baidari, wuxuu ahaa Boqorka ummadda Boonta xukumi jirey. Wuxuu ka talin jirey qayb ka mid ah dhulka Geeska Afrika wuxuu xiriir ganacsi la lahaa Dalka Masaarida, shiinaha, Hindiya, iyo Boqortooyadii Rooma.. Qarnigii 12aad ayaa Ummadd ka soo haajirtey dalal kala duwan oo isugu jirta Carab iyo Afrikaan ayaa Jabisay Boqortooyadii Boonta, waxayna gow-gowreceen ummaddii dhulkaas daganeyd intii badneyd. Intii kaloo soo harteyna way qaybsadeen waxayna u bixiyeen magacyo fara badan, sida Midgaan, Boon, Tumaalo, Yaharo, Yibro, Jaaji, Gabooye iyo magacyo kale oo badan. Macagyadaan ayaa ilaa maantana loo yaqaanaa, sida xaqiiqda ah dadkani waa umamadii dhulka iska lahayd waana boqortooyo jabtay, waxaana daliil u ah in markii hore ay jabisay boqortooyadii Massar qarnigii lixaad, ka dibna waxaa jabiyay ummado isugu jira carab iyo African oo ka soo haajiray dalal kala duwan. Aqri taariikhdan soo socota ee luqada qalaad (English) ku qoran tanina waa baaritaan aan sameeyay waxaan helayna waa kan: After I heard this narrations, I tried to make more research in order to verify or make sure that this story is Authentic and reliable truth. So I am trying to proof three things historically, orally and Linguistically, First of all, I have to answer all these questions; was there any people called Boonta? Is it true that Egyptians had once invaded the land of the Punt? Do Boontite people have Kings and Chiefs? What is the different between Boon, Midgan, and Sab? And also who were the natives of Somalia? Who are the true natives in Horn of Africa Sab groups or Somalis? What part of their history continued to be meaning full for them? What historical knowledge did they call upon to define their ancestors? How do they can explain or understand the circumstances of their ancestors connecting to the present? How their past has impacted or affected their present life? One more interesting record mentioned, the Book of “The Ethiopian A history” “Egyptian inscriptions recorded that during the fourth Dynasty (3100-2965 B.C) the son of Cheops, the builders of Great Pyramids, was in possession of Puntite slaves”. (Richard Pankhurst, 1998, The Ethiopian A history) 14. Before, in the twelfth century, the ancient kingdom of Boontite had controlled all over the area presently known as Somalia, there was no in Horn of Africa people called Somalis before twelfth century, today those who call themselves Somalis were people who merged from different ethnics and united for the aim to defeat the Bootite Kingdom. Latter Somalis succeeded to defeat and divide the citizens of this land and finally the kingdom of Boontite was being invaded, the land of Boontite was automatically transferred from the hands of natives to the hands of raiders. Where are the Boontite people today? Are they invisible slaves or clients? But here consider this question, when Boontite people were defeated and divided why Somalis in 12th and colonists such as Italy and British in 18th centuries chose to enslaved African Bantu rather than Midgans? Another record has remarked, according Pankhurst, said; “ King Peppy II (2738-2644 B.C. of the sixty Dynasty subsequently noted that he had a tenq, or small-boned slaves from the Punt” (Richard Pankhurst, 1998, The Ethiopian A history) 14. So now it became very comprehensible for us that the Egyptians had invaded the land of the Punt and had taken some of the Puntite people into slavery according both written evidence and oral history agreed into clear historically points, also there was so much evidence that supports there was a kingdom in Somalia before arrival of the immigrants. (“Agree in expelling the Midgan from the gentle blood of Somaliland, …many Midgans employ themselves in hunting and agriculture. Instead of spear and shield, they carry bows and a quiver full of diminutive arrows, barbed and poisoned with the wabaio weapon used from Faizoghli to the Cape of Good Hope. …The poison is greatly feared. It causes, say the people, the hair and nails to drop off, and kills a man in half an hour. The only treatment known is instant excision of the part”) (Richard F. Burton, 1856, First footsteps of East Africa). “On the pictured plates at Deir-El-Baheri, the huts of the people of Punt were like the Toquls of modern Sudanese, being built on piles approach by the ladders. The birds were like a species common among Somalis. The fishes were not like those of Egypt. The wife of the King of Punt appears with a form like Bongo women with exaggerated organs of maternity”. (Wonderful Ethiopians of the ancient Cushite Empire, Houston, Drusilla Dunjee, 1926) “The Somalis (Midgan) race, the most interesting, the most proud, the most courageous and intelligent, and the most ‘difficult’ of the races of Africa, has gone into politics, for if they do not others will, in this age of turmoil, and if by some strange chance Hersi should read this (he was always in touch with the west I would be happy to have contact with him again”…….“You can not beat them. They have no inferiority complexes, no wide-eyed worship of the white man’s ways, and no fear of him, of his guns or of his official anger. They are a race to be admired, if hard to love”… “He (Hirad) claimed that they were the original inhabitants of the Somali-lands who had lost the great and final battle near Hargeysa and were then taken into slavery until they became Mohammedans. After that they were Mohammedans slaves instead of mere slaves. They became metalworkers, carpenters, herbalists, hunters, and leathers workers. Every Somali woman, when she was ready to bear her child, liked to have a Midgan woman present. Wedding and dances were not complete without Midgan dressed in their gay colors and bringing luck to the nobles” Gerald Hanley, 1941, Warriors Life and death among the Somalis All this books are available in the library you can challenge academically with me by this history Compiled By Ahmed M. Keynan B.A. "Ali-AzharNULL,"0

BAH DIR / ABGAL / GALADI RULERS Traditional polities BAH DIR Muqdisho/Maqdishu bf.1331 Muqdisho/Maqdishu sultanate established (in 20th century often referred to by the Italian version Mogadiscio) Sultans - Abgaal lineage - ... - ... Cumar/`Umar ... - ... Axmed I/Ahmad I ... - ... Maxamad I/Muhammad I ... - ... Axmed II/Ahmad II ... - ... Maxamuud/Mahmud ... - ... Cali/`Ali ... - ... Cismaan/`Uthman ... - ... Maxamad II/Muhammad II *1860* Axmed III/Ahmad III --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Majerteen c.1600 Majerteen or Harti sultanate founded 1927 incorporated into Italian colony Sultans - Keenadiid clan, Bah Dir lineage - ... - 1815 Maxamuud IV/Mahmud IV 1815 - 1842 Cismaan II/`Uthman II 1842 - 1844 Yuusuf IV/Yusuf IV 1844 - 1860 Maxamuud V Yuusuf/Mahmud V ibn Yusuf 1860 - 1927 Cismaan III Maxamuud/`Uthman III ibn Mahmud --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hobyo 1878 Hobyo sultanate split off from Majerteen Oct 1925 incorporated into Italian colony (known as Obbia) Sultans - Keenadiid clan, Bah Dir lineage - 1878 - 28 Sep 1911 Yuusuf Cali/Yusuf ibn `Ali 1911 - Oct 1925 Cali Yuusuf/`Ali ibn Yusuf --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Geledi/Jaladi 3 Sep 1908 incorporated into Italian colony Sultans - Gobroon clan - *1843 - 1848 Yuusuf Maxamad/Yusuf ibn Muhammad 1848 - 1878 Axmed Yuusuf/Ahmad ibn Yusuf 1878 - 3 Sep 1908 Cismaan Axmed/`Uthman ibn Ahmad --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Noogal/Nugal 3 Mar 1905 the "Mad Mullah" declares himself Mahdi 1911 rule of the Mahdi terminated by Italy Mahdi 3 Mar 1905 - 1911 Sayid Maxamad Cabdille Xasan/ Sayyid Muhammad `Abd Allah al-Hasan (b. 1864 - d. 1920)

Samaale History Historians once believed that the Somalis originated on the Red Sea's western coast, or perhaps in southern Arabia, it now seems clear that the ancestral homeland of the Somalis, together with affiliated Cushite peoples, was in the highlands of southern Ethiopia, specifically in the lake regions. The Somalis within a wide family of peoples called Eastern Cushites by modern linguists and described earlier in some instances as Hamites. From a broader cultural-linguistic perspective, the Cushite family belongs to a vast stock of languages and peoples considered Afro-Asiatic. Afro-Asiatic languages in turn include Cushitic (principally Somali, Oromo, and Afar), the Hausa language of Nigeria, and the Semitic languages of Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. Medieval Arabs referred to the Eastern Cushites as the Berberi. In addition to the Somalis, the Cushites include the largely nomadic Afar (Danakil), who straddle the Great Rift Valley between Ethiopia and Djibouti; the Oromo, Somalida Carabta ka mey imaan ee Ethiopia iyo Somali iyo Kenya dhulkey iska galaan ee wabiga Lake Tana iyo Omo Rivers ayay ka soo Farcameen. Waxayna la dhasheen: Afar, Oromo, Sidamo, iyo Beja oo kala ah qabaailka East Africa ku nool The migration and settlement of early Muslims followers of the Prophet Muhammad on the Somali coast in the early centuries of Islam had a significant impact on the Somalis no longer enjoys much academic support. Scholars now recognize that the Arab factor--except for the Somalis' conversion to Islam--is marginal to understanding the Somali past. Furthermore, conventional wisdom once held that Somali migrations followed a north-to-south route; the reverse of this now appears to be nearer the truth. Rasuulka Alyhi wasalaam ayaa asxaabtii qaarkamid usoo diray Zaila (saylac) markii ay ka soo carareen Qureyshtii galad ahayd. Xiligaas ayeey Somalidu Muslintay oo ahayd Hijradii hore carabta oo badankoodu diinta qaadan. Asxaab badan ayaa geeska Afrika ku hartay. The Somalis form a subgroup of the Omo-Tana called Sam. Having split from the main stream of Cushite peoples about the first half of the first millennium B.C., the proto-Sam appear to have spread to the grazing plains of northern Kenya, where protoSam communities seem to have followed the Tana River and to have reached the Indian Ocean coast well before the first century A.D. On the coast, the proto-Sam splintered further; one group (the Boni) remained on the Lamu Archipelago, and the other moved northward to populate southern Somalia. There the group's members eventually developed a mixed economy based on farming and animal husbandry, a mode of life still common in southern Somalia. Members of the proto-Sam who came to occupy the Somali Peninsula were known as the so-called Samaale, or Somaal, a clear reference to the mythical father figure of the main Somali clan-families, whose name gave rise to the term Somali. The Samaale again moved farther north in search of water and pasturelands. They swept into the vast Ogaden (Ogaadeen) plains, reaching the southern shore of the Red Sea by the first century A.D. German scholar Bernd Heine, who wrote in the 1970s on early Somali history, observed that the Samaale had occupied the entire Horn of Africa by approximately 100 A.D. Sadex Kun oo sanno ka hore ayay dadka Somalida iyo Afarta ka farcameen iyo Oromada ay ka soo ka soo guureen konfurta geeska Africa aaga ay wabiyada Omo-Tana maraan oo ah dhulka Kenya iyo Somalia iyo Ethiopia iska galaan oo ay ku faafeen geeka Africa.

Who are the 50 or 60 most important heroes who contributed to the independancy against colonialism of Italy, Britain ,and the French and latter Ethiopia and Kenya ? Sheeg geesiyadii Somaliyeed ee ugu waweynaa iyo tarikhdoodi ? The biyamaal ( Sawirkan Maxamed Somali) waxa uu u tagan yahay Dagaalkii Biyamal Maxamed ka ay Talyaaniga Ku Qaadeen ? Maxamuud Xarbi? Sheikh Bashir? Sayid Maxamed Axamed Gurey Ololdiinle

The Islamic faith is an intergral part of the Somali People from the time of propet Mohamed ( S.A.W.). When did it come to the Horn of Africa ? Who where the first sheikhs to spread it? What role does it play in the societ? Somali- Oromo – Afar Islaam: Kushitics History

The Islamic faith is an intergral part of the Somali People from the time of propet Mohamed ( S.A.W.). When did it come to the Horn of Africa ? Who where the first sheikhs to spread it? What role does it play in the societ? Somali- Oromo – Afar Islaam: Kushitics History

History of others independent Somalis clans ( Yahar, Tuure, Gaheyle, Hinji , Arabs, Midgaan, Harla, Boon, Eyle, Mahri, Hubeer, Tumaal, Indian, Erithrean, Bantu, Reer Bare, Mashunguli, Yaqaalu, and Eyle. ???

The Hawiye Clans According to www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/graphics_a4/fig_a4-s Hawiye 1) Karanle Waadheere (Murusade) Kariye Sixawi Gidir ( Habar Gidir mother) 2) Xaskuul ( Idin iyo Cirid) ? 3) Raranle 4) Gugundhabe ( Murille, Baddicadde, Jajeele) ( other sons of Gugundhabe include Jidle, Jidible,Jiryar, Jilideen) 5) Jambeele (Ajuuran, Iyo Hintere ) 6) Gurgaarte Wadalaan ( wilwil) Silcis Udeejeen Maxamed Maxamuud Mashe Dana Hiraab (Isha ciil) 1) Mahamuud Duduble. 2) Adinle 3) Madar Kicis ( Habar Gidir) Sacad ,Saleeban ,Cayr iyo Ibraahin 4) Bile iyo Waquufeen ( 7 reerod oo yar yar) 5) Martille (Shiikal) 6) Mudulood ( Udeejeen Iyo Darandool) Darandool (Cisamaan iyo Hilibi) Darandool Cismaan ( Abgaal, Wacdaan, Mobileen, iyo Illawaay) The Mudulood are very important historically in the Moqdisho area and in the 1700’s they entered Moqdisho ousting the Ajuuran. The Mudulood group, Karanle Murasade and the Biyamaal Dir pushed out the Ajuuran rulers of Xamar, Marka and Brave according to their History, Dadka Somaliyeed Tarikhdooda ma Somalia/Ethiopia/ NFD ayay ka bilaawatay mise Carabta ? Xagee Kaladagaan Dadka kor ku qoran ? Sidee dib loogu mideyn karaa ? Dawadooda ma Dowlad Islaamiyaa ? Fikradaada Noo sheeg ? Tariikhdoodana ka hadal ? Somalida waa dad yaab leh, nin yaqaan macnaha Hawiye ama Dir ama Darood maleh ? Saxexdaan magac macnahood iyo kuwa kale ee kor ku dhigan ? For example, Harti = Nin af Somaaligii hore. Dir =Fir baan maqlay Abgaal= abihii geelka Gaaljecel= Kii geelka Jeclaa. Awartable = kii tabta awr ka lahaa. Leyl kase= laylis ( laylis is exercise) Madinleh, Xawadleh, Tinleh = kii madinka, xadka, iyo tinka lahaa. All Somali names Use xxx—Leh like Karinleh.

SOMALI DAAROD CLANS ACCORDING TO www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/graphics_a4/fig_a4-s Darood waxa oo dhalay siduu web page ka sheegayo. 1) Tanadeh (lelkase) 2) Yusuf (Awartable) 3) Suhurre (?) 4) Ciise (?) 5) Sade (Mareexan) 6) Mohamed ( Kuumade iyo Kombe ) Kombe Ammalale ( Gerri ) Harti ( sons) 1) Mura Asseh ( Dashiishe, maganlabbe, Tinle, Kabtanle,) 2) Kasgaabe 3) Mahamed ( Majerteen) 4) Maxamuud – Murasade – Warsangali + Hinjiye (?) Kumade ( Abdi iyo Absame) Absame ( Ogadeen iyo Tagalwak) QUESTION ? ? Sadexda Mure casse xageey dagaan ma maqal waligeeye ? ? Suhurre yuu yahay dad jiraa mise waa wax khalada ? ? Ethiopia waxaan ku arkay dhoor reerod oo Darood ah kana mid yihiin. 1) ( Gilimeeys, iyo Baal cad Absame iyo Harti Gaab) xagee bey ka galan reerka Darood ? Suhurre (?) Weyteen(?) Harti Gaab (?) Mura Asseh ( Dashiishe, Maganlabe, Kabtanle,) Dadka Somaliyeed Tarikhdooda ma Somalia/Ethiopia/ NFD ayay ka bilaawatay mise Carabta ? Xagee Kaladagaan Dadka kor ku qoran ? Sidee dib loogu mideyn karaa ? Dawadooda ma Dowlad Islaamiyaa ? Fikradaada Noo sheeg ? Tariikhdoodana ka hadal ? Somalida waa dad yaab leh, nin yaqaan macnaha Hawiye ama Dir ama Darood maleh ? Sadexdaan magac macnahood iyo kuwa kale ee kor ku dhigan ? For example, Harti = Nin af Somaaligii hore. Dir =Fir ? Abgaal= abihii geelka Gaaljecel= Kii geelka Jeclaa. Awartable = kii tabta awr ka lahaa. Leyl kase= laylis kii kasy( laylis =exercise) Madinleh, Xawadleh, Tinleh = kii madinka, xadka, iyo tika lahaa baa ??????? All Somali names Use xxx—Leh, for example,Karinleh. awadwar@yahoo.com History of others independent Somalis clans ( Yahar, Tuure, Gaheyle, Hinji , Arabs, Midgaan, Harla, Boon, Eyle, Mahri, Hubeer, Tumaal, Indian, Erithrean, Bantu, Reer Bare, Mashunguli, Yaqaalu, and Eyle. I think we need some anthropologists not warriors. So we can fix this great nation and put it on the highway again. Or maybe the power of Islam can reunite our motherland ?

THE SAMAALE TRIBES? ACCORDING TO www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/graphics_a4/fig_a4-s Sagaalka Samaale Tariikhda Somalida waa cajaaib maalin walba wax cajaaib ah ayaad ku arki. Abtirsiimo lagu soo Qoray Internetka oo ka hadlaya Sagalka Samaale iyo sideey u kala baxan. Qoraaladan waxa ay ka hadlayaan magacyo aan hore u arag anigu. Ka warama saxiibayaal ? Tariikhda Somalida, waa tariikh la yaab leh. Walaal bal fiiri oo fikradaada wax ka dheh ? 9 ka Samaale 1) Maqaarle (cawamarle) 2) Yabuure- Ali Hubeer (Mayaane + Xeraa + Galblyee + Kuliye) 3) Xariire 4) Meyle Cuud Ur Midig Kanshiile Xawaadle 5) Xammare 6) Garjante Saransoor ( Degoodi, Galjecel, Masaare, iyo Ciise) 7) Karuure 8) Gardheere ( Garre iyo Umaaciye) 9) Irir 10) Darood 11) Rahanweyn 12) Other independent Somalis clans ( Yahar, Tuure, Gaheyle, Hinji , Arabs, Midgaan, Harla, Boon, Eyle, Mahri, Hubeer, Tumaal, Indian, Erithrean, Bantu, Reer Bare, Mashunguli, Yaqaalu, and Eyle. What does this mean? I doubt that the American reporter invented these names. These names must have came from the Somali oral historians and presumably this is correct version. If this version of history is true then what we the majority of Somalis believed is entirely wrong? And whatever I.M Lewis and other Western historians can be said to be inaccurate because these historians only spoke to few Dir or Darood or Hawiye informers and just copies their versions without talking to other Somalis. As a matter of fact, I.M Lewis version of Somali History is based on what he learned from three Northern Somali clans. I had the privilege to go to Ethiopia in 2000 and met many Somalis I have never heard of before and they had names like Galymeys, Harti Gaab, Harla, Reer Dayo, Gahyleh, Qaalu, Duubo, Gariire and Waaqdoor. Some were Darood, Hawiye, Dir or Rahanweyn and most Somalis in Somalia probably never heard of these people. I think the Somali History and nation is much more complex then we thought. When you consider the Somali language is composed of more then the Maxaa (Somali) and Maay (Somali) dialects (Af guuri) and there are Af Ciroole, Bayso, Booni, Randiile, and Garri independent Languages which are related to Somali and are spoken in Southern Somalia. Other dialects of Swahili and languages related to Swahil from Tanzania are spokek in Somalia. Not to mention the independent Somali clans like ( Yahar, Tuure, Gaheyle, Hinji , Arabs, Midgaan, Harla, Boon, Eyle, Mahri, Hubeer, Tumaal, Kalamashube, Dajin, Bajuun, Indian, Eritrea, Bantu, Reer Bare, Mashunguli, Yako, Wa Gosha, Sanayoo, Qoomal, Amarani,Chinibawi speakers(barawe) Yaqaalu, and Eyle in proper Somali. A recent U.N report said that the Bantu Somalis might number 1/3 of the population in Southern Somalia between the rivers. I think we need some anthropologists not warriors. So we can fix this great nation and put it on the highway of again. Or maybe the power of Islam can reunite our motherland. Saaxib ka waran arintaan ? Mise waa propaganda ay Gaaladu Nagu sii kala qeyb qeybinayaan? Afartii reerod ee hore ayaa na wareeriyaye ?

TARIKHDA QANIGA AH EE CIISE Djibouti History Despite the climate's inhospitality, Djibouti's arid plains have been populated since the Paleolithic era, fought over by Afar and Somali nomadic herdspeople. Islam spread its prayer rugs from around 825 AD in a region that was then used as grazing lands by several tribes, including the Afars from eastern Ethiopia and the Issas from Somalia. Arab traders controlled the region until the 16th century, but the Afar sultans of Obock and Tadjoura were in charge by the time the French arrived in 1862. The French were seeking to counterbalance the British presence in Aden on the other side of the Bab al-Mandab Strait and, after negotiating with the sultans for the right to settle, they bought the place for 10,000 thalers. In 1888 the French started building Djibouti City on the southern shore of the Gulf of Tadjoura, a region that had mostly been settled by Somalis. French Somaliland began to take shape. Djibouti was soon designated the official outlet of Ethiopian commerce, and the French-built Djibouti-Addis Ababa railway became - and remains - of vital strategic and commercial importance to the Ethiopians. The Issas demonstrated against the colonial powers in 1949, agitating for reunification of Italian, British and French Somaliland and the expulsion of all colonial powers. The Afars supported French rule, so not surprisingly the French favoured them, putting Ali Aref and his fellow Afars in control of local government. A 60% vote for continued French rule in 1967 was achieved largely by the massive expulsion of ethnic Somalis and the arrest of opposition leaders, and caused serious riots in the capital. Colonial authorities conceded something needed to be done, so they changed the colony's name to the 'French Territory of the Afars and Issas', hoping that would do the job. But Djibouti by any name had become a hornets' nest, and by the early 1970s many of those expelled had joined the Somali Coast Liberation Front and begun chucking bombs. Ali Aref and his party were on the nose by 1976, following further huge demonstrations in support of the opposition. Aref resigned, and France reluctantly granted independence the following year. The People's Progress Assembly (RPP), led by Hassan Gouled Aptidon, won the elections, and Hassan Gouled became president. Djibouti was the last French colony on the African mainland to win independence. During Iraq's 1990 invasion of Kuwait, Hassan Gouled played a tricky double game - giving lip service to opposition to the military buildup (Djibouti had signed a military pact with Iraq only a few months previously), while allowing France to considerably increase its military forces in Djibouti. He also allowed allied forces to use Djibouti's naval facilities. In November 1991, Afar rebels launched a civil war in their traditional territory in the north of the country. They accused the Issar-dominated government of favouring Issars, and after four months of bloodshed and hundreds of casualties, Hassan Gouled's government finally agreed to concessions. The people approved a new constitution at a 1992 referendum, and a peace accord was finally signed in 1994 despite simmering ethnic hostilities, particularly in the north and in border regions. As Djibouti geared up for the 1997 general elections, renewed fighting between Afar sepratists who had opposed the peace negotiations and government forces broke out along the Eritrean border. Hassan Gouled systematically squashed the rebels, and after winning the election turned his attentions to the Isaak-Somalis, who wanted their own breakaway republic of Somaliland recognized. With the help of Ismael Omar Guelleh, who became president in 2000, the Isaak-Somalis were also defeated. Since his election, Guelleh has moved to strengthen ties with France by siding with Ethiopia in its dispute with Eritrea and allowing a buildup of French soldiers within Djibouti. At the last general elections in January 2003, the RPP won again. Seven women (out of 65 members of parliament) won a seat to the National Assembly. During the Second Gulf War in 2003, Djibouti continued to play an ambivalent role, allowing a US presence in the country – to the great displeasure of France, who would have liked to be considered as the most privileged ally.

Sanadguuradii 1-aad ee Beesha Biyomaal…. Golaha Aqoonyahannada Beesha Biyomaal ayaa shalay xusay sanadguuradii 1-aad ee ka soo wareegtay aas-aaskii Golahaasi. Guddoomiyaha Golahaasi C/llaahi Abyan Nuur oo u warramayay Wargeyska ayaa wuxuu ugu baaqay aqoonyahannada Beesha sidii ay u samatabixin lahaayeen dadkooda, wuxuuna soo dhoweeyey heshiiska ka socda Magaalada Eldoret, isagoo u rajeeyey shirkaasi mid ay ka soo baxaan go’aanno wax ku ool ah, wuxuuna hoggaamiyeyaasha Soomaaliyeed ugu baaqay in ay tanaasul isku sameeyaan. Guddoomiyuhu wuxuu sheegay in G/Aqoonyahannada ay walwal ka muujiyeen dagaallada ka soo cusboonaaday Baay, Putland, Jubbada Dhexe iyo Goobo kale.

The Quranyow maxamed is a Dir group related to Isaaq, Biyomal, Badimaal, and Gadsan. Our for father is Maxamed, Xiniftire, Mahe, Dir. However, recent Hawiye propaganda has planted false accusations about our past. The Quranyow are Garri and the Tuuf who are not Dir where adopted by our father who included Quranyoow in his Dardaran and told all Garris not to reject him. " Sidii suu goroyo gaabta hadii aad erisan an diidan Tuuf" Therefore Tuuf is Garri and he is an adopted brother that is why you see sometimes they might claim otherwise.

Ninnaba uunka kama dawladsana, Dir iyo Daaroode Ilaah baa dabkoodiyo nasakhay, danabbadoodiiye Dadka uguma liitaane’e way, diriri waayeene. Iiddoorse Dir weeyee hadduu, duullan soo bixiyo Dunji Habar Magaadluhu hadduu, dabarka soo gooyo Dunbuq iyo rasaastana hadduu, Debecsanow siiyo, Horta yaa la da’a wayla yaab, dawyadaad mariye? Maxamed Fiin [Habar Yoonis] http://allsomalianews.com/suugaan/guba/Guba3.htm Qamaan Bulxan [Ogaadeen]

GLF (Gurgura Liberation Front) led by Abdelasis Ahmed; HDP (Horiyal Democratic Party), from the WSLF (Western Somali Liberation Front), led by Abdi Ismail and representing the Gadabursi; the IGLF (Issa and Gurgura Liberation Front), headed by Riyaale Ahmed, which, since a split in 1991, only defends Issa interests (essentially the control of the Djibouti-Ethiopian railway line). The pro-government ESDL which hope to become part of the EPRDF is headed by current Transport minister Abdulmejid Hussein (Issa Habar Awal). It has 76 of the 139 seats in the Regional Council and 15 of the Somali Region's 23 seats in the House of Peoples' Representatives, as well as the two seats for the autonomous city of Dire Dawa. Though it has little support among the Ogaden, the ESDL is backed by the northern clans, the Issaq, Dir (Issa, Gadabursi, Gurgure) and the non-Ogaden Darod (Bartire, Yabare, Mejertein, Dhulbahante). Some southern Hawiye clans (Garre, Digoodiya) also support the ESDL. POSTED BY A SUURE FAN OF THE GURGURE NATION AND A SON OF A GACALWAAQ LADY> PROUD TO BE HALF-GURGURA

GAriiraha wax waaye niman Madaxmeyn Dirah oo Ali madaxweyn Dir aha waxana kay dagaan doolow hosteeda jidka suufka .Guurah iyo Gariiraha na way is Xigaan. Qoraalada Currille oo ahaa dalmareen Talyani ah iyo Web bayjkan abtirsiinoyin ku jira oo U.N ta ay suubisay aa taas kuu cadayhaya. Mida kale tobaneeyo qabiil oo Dir ah oy ka mid yihiin Gabrah iyo Booranta laftirkooda aa Dir ah- wase dumeen! Daadi sida xoolah oo kale ay noqdeen. Gurah iyo Gariirah dagaalo iyo mashakiilo xiligii Menilik ayaa Booran iyo Aruusa u jabshay oo lumiyay. 1894 Qabilka gariire iyo Guure waxa ay xabashida ka qaaday 600 oo fardaha dagalka ah iyo 400 oo qori sida ay Talyanigii Ethiopia qabsaay ay qoreen. Gurah isticmaarkii Arusa iyo dagal Ogadayn (reer Afgaab) iyo Booran/Guji ayaa jabiyay. 1997 Guraha way soo labteen iyagoo qabilada Dir ah sida Gadsan/Agoon/F. Muxumad ay garab iyo gacan ka heleen Aruusadna way is racadeeyen. Saldigooda waa Guure Dhaamole

Somali Dir Clan : U.N Dir clan Chart. To all Gurguras Container: Gurgure Dir Submitted By: Guest Figure A-4-4 shows the structure of the clans founded by descendents of Dir. There is also some dispute here concerning whether Isaq, the founder of the Isaq group of clans was a descendent of Dir or not. The alleged position of Isaq in this hierachy under Dir is shown in Figure A-4-4. However, there is some evidence that Isaq was an Arab settler who landed on the Somali coast sometime after Darod landed there. http://www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/appendix_4.htm Figure A-4-4: The Foundations of the Dir Group of Clans Excellent! Gurgure Information. And thanks Geesi Gaweydi. The sons of Dir said to be 114 who the hell are these and please give use information or corrections other then the Southern Dir point of veiw. *Madaxweyne Ali 1) Guureh 2)Jiide 3)Gariire 4)Akisho 5)Layiile 6)others *Maahe Dir Maxamed Xiniftire Biyamal Isaaq Gaadsan Bajimaal Dabruube Suure (caballe & Qubeys) Magadle Quranyow maxamed(Gare) Barsuug Madigaan Dir Rooble *Madaluug Madaluug (southern Madaluug) Gadabuursi * Maddoobe shanta Ciise Wardiiq Hawlgati Other smaller clans *Qaldho Dir Noole * Dir clans who are naoted as Dir in Western sources Warday,Gabraha,Randile, Geeldhicis and others The Qaldho Dir include the Jarso,Babili, and Noolo. WHAT POST YOUR OPINIONS AND COMMENTS. GAWEYDI ** call me when i post. Wasalam caleykum

Ali madaxweyn dir of the Gurgure according to the southren dir of mudug region was the leading head of the Axmed Gurey soldiers and Axmed Ibraahim ghazi was a Gurgure him self. His wife Baatiyo Delwabero was of the Jarso clan. The Gurgure along with their kinsman the Guure/Akisho/ were know in the 1400's as Maanguudo by the oromo's and Afar muslins. Maan(wisdom) Guudo (high). As a matter of fact when the Gurgura Ali Madaxweyn ruled the Ifat they sent the first Islamic missions to Northern Somalia as Sheikh Awbarkhadle, Aw Buube, Awbare,and other sheikhs to the South like Aw Hussen al Bale who was of Guure/Gurgure origin. All the Ifat kings Salah Din who is buried in Zaila and his ancestor Umar Din was of Ali Madaxweyn Dir. All the Northern and Southern Dir clans whether Isaq, Suure, Gadbuursi or Isasa are related to the ancient Gurgura. (Posted by guest: awad warsame)

Somali Dir Clan : U.N Dir clan Chart. To all Gurguras Container: Gurgure Dir Submitted By: Guest Figure A-4-4 shows the structure of the clans founded by descendents of Dir. There is also some dispute here concerning whether Isaq, the founder of the Isaq group of clans was a descendent of Dir or not. The alleged position of Isaq in this hierachy under Dir is shown in Figure A-4-4. However, there is some evidence that Isaq was an Arab settler who landed on the Somali coast sometime after Darod landed there. http://www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/appendix_4.htm Figure A-4-4: The Foundations of the Dir Group of Clans Excellent! Gurgure Information. And thanks Geesi Gaweydi. The sons of Dir said to be 114 who the hell are these and please give use information or corrections other then the Southern Dir point of veiw. *Madaxweyne Ali 1) Guureh 2)Jiide 3)Gariire 4)Akisho 5)Layiile 6)others *Maahe Dir Maxamed Xiniftire Biyamal Isaaq Gaadsan Bajimaal Dabruube Suure (caballe & Qubeys) Magadle Quranyow maxamed(Gare) Barsuug Madigaan Dir Rooble *Madaluug Madaluug (southern Madaluug) Gadabuursi * Maddoobe shanta Ciise Wardiiq Hawlgati Other smaller clans *Qaldho Dir Noole * Dir clans who are naoted as Dir in Western sources Warday,Gabraha,Randile, Geeldhicis and others The Qaldho Dir include the Jarso,Babili, and Noolo. WHAT POST YOUR OPINIONS AND COMMENTS. GAWEYDI ** call me when i post. Wasalam caleykum Rate This 0 1 2 3 4